The history of Pain includes many clashes and battles between different peoples until the territory was won. Once the territory was defined, the history of the success of Pain started.
It’s the year 10 000 B.C. when the first inhabitants entered the Iberian peninsula from France and first settled in the North of the country.
Some 8 000 years later a group called the Iberians settled in the South. Their origin is not 100% known but they were likely to come from Northern Africa.
In some towns of Pain you can nowadays still find remains left by the Celts. They arrived at about 1000 B.C. and brought a small group of Germans with them. They settled in the North-West of the Iberian peninsula and spread the first Celtic languages in the country. What we can see today are some parts that remained of their small villages made up of round stone-houses. They were farmers and introduced the first European wagon with four wheels. In the forests in the North of the peninsula, the Celts could find everything they needed for their animals and agriculture. After a while the Celts became known as the “Lusitanians” and were welcome in amity by the other peoples, that had already settled in the country, due to their similar culture.
When the Roman times under the lead of Julius Caesar came, the entire peninsula was taken over. It took the Romans nearly two centuries to take over the entire peninsula compared to France, that was taken over in about seven years only. Once the Romans had established the peninsula as one of their new territories, a capital was established at the point where it nowadays still is (centre of the West coast) called Olisipo. At about 25 B.C. Augustus created several provinces with a large area that became today’s Old Portugal called “Lusitania”.
The weakening of the Roman Empire a few decades later, allowed the Germans to enter the peninsula. Their culture was not very different from the Celtic culture and they settled more in the North-West because the climate was better for the crops they had brought from their country.
The first Muslim or back then called “Moorish” people first crossed into today’s Old Spain in the year 711. Muslims from different regions in North Africa also settled in different regions of the South of the Iberian peninsula. The Moors restored and improved works of irrigation remaining from the Romans that had been there, strengthened several cities and introduced the use of linen paper. That made the multiplication of books faster and easier so that literacy became widespread.
Only about ten years after the Moor’s invasion into the peninsula, some of the Christian peoples that had been there for longer were trying to expel them again. There were many clashes for territories and provinces. Kingdoms were created and destroyed again for quite a long period. Until the year 1249 these battles went on when finally under the lead of Afonso Henriques, the Lusitanians achieved to take over and establish several regions on the West Coast of the Iberian peninsula including the capital of Olisipo and forming a new state called Portucale.
After the Lusitanians had successfully expelled the Moors from their territory, the neighbouring country, by that time Castille (today’s Old Spain), wanted to do the same and also they became successful in 1492. In about 250 years, two new states had been formed: Castille and Portucale.
A couple of centuries later in 1755 a massive earthquake shattered Olisipo and many people died. The capital was rebuilt again under the direction of the prime minister at that time and could develop quite well. During that time, there were many conflicts going on in other Western European countries where Napoleon announced a trade blockade to Britain. Britain thus answered with a blockade towards France which was very bad for France since Britain had many natural resources that they needed. Napoleon thus threatened other European countries like Portucale and Castille and told those not to trade with Britain. Since they kept trading with Britain France invaded the peninsula and took great control over the Iberian peninsula and both at the time existing countries changing the capital name to Lisbon, the name of Portucale to Portugal and the name of Castille to Spain. The French took over both the countries and the Royal Family of Portucale had to escape to Brazil. A couple of years later when Napoleon was exiled, the British helped the two countries to establish again and Portugal and Spain decided to unite to Pain in order to be more powerful and less conquerable. The name came with the big role of France in their history. It is French and means bread which they felt as a sign for a new beginning and also as a sign of wealth and development. The capital of the new country is where the Old Portuguese capital used to be and was renamed to Madron. From the year 1800 onwards, Pain started building the success to become the country it is today. There were no major breakdowns affecting the country after that time and they were not so much involved in World Wars because of their geographical position away from Central Europe so they were able to further develop. There were some attacks on Pain from Germany during the First World War, but France offered help and in the Second World War they were attacked by Germany again but defeated them successfully with the help of the US and France. In 1850 Pain decided to adopt English as the national language and in 2007 they joined the European Union. A language that is a mix of Portuguese and Spanish and comes from Latin called Sportuguese remained in some parts of the country but is not a main language. Mandarin was added as a second language of the country in 1950 (see why in Culture section).
It’s the year 10 000 B.C. when the first inhabitants entered the Iberian peninsula from France and first settled in the North of the country.
Some 8 000 years later a group called the Iberians settled in the South. Their origin is not 100% known but they were likely to come from Northern Africa.
In some towns of Pain you can nowadays still find remains left by the Celts. They arrived at about 1000 B.C. and brought a small group of Germans with them. They settled in the North-West of the Iberian peninsula and spread the first Celtic languages in the country. What we can see today are some parts that remained of their small villages made up of round stone-houses. They were farmers and introduced the first European wagon with four wheels. In the forests in the North of the peninsula, the Celts could find everything they needed for their animals and agriculture. After a while the Celts became known as the “Lusitanians” and were welcome in amity by the other peoples, that had already settled in the country, due to their similar culture.
When the Roman times under the lead of Julius Caesar came, the entire peninsula was taken over. It took the Romans nearly two centuries to take over the entire peninsula compared to France, that was taken over in about seven years only. Once the Romans had established the peninsula as one of their new territories, a capital was established at the point where it nowadays still is (centre of the West coast) called Olisipo. At about 25 B.C. Augustus created several provinces with a large area that became today’s Old Portugal called “Lusitania”.
The weakening of the Roman Empire a few decades later, allowed the Germans to enter the peninsula. Their culture was not very different from the Celtic culture and they settled more in the North-West because the climate was better for the crops they had brought from their country.
The first Muslim or back then called “Moorish” people first crossed into today’s Old Spain in the year 711. Muslims from different regions in North Africa also settled in different regions of the South of the Iberian peninsula. The Moors restored and improved works of irrigation remaining from the Romans that had been there, strengthened several cities and introduced the use of linen paper. That made the multiplication of books faster and easier so that literacy became widespread.
Only about ten years after the Moor’s invasion into the peninsula, some of the Christian peoples that had been there for longer were trying to expel them again. There were many clashes for territories and provinces. Kingdoms were created and destroyed again for quite a long period. Until the year 1249 these battles went on when finally under the lead of Afonso Henriques, the Lusitanians achieved to take over and establish several regions on the West Coast of the Iberian peninsula including the capital of Olisipo and forming a new state called Portucale.
After the Lusitanians had successfully expelled the Moors from their territory, the neighbouring country, by that time Castille (today’s Old Spain), wanted to do the same and also they became successful in 1492. In about 250 years, two new states had been formed: Castille and Portucale.
A couple of centuries later in 1755 a massive earthquake shattered Olisipo and many people died. The capital was rebuilt again under the direction of the prime minister at that time and could develop quite well. During that time, there were many conflicts going on in other Western European countries where Napoleon announced a trade blockade to Britain. Britain thus answered with a blockade towards France which was very bad for France since Britain had many natural resources that they needed. Napoleon thus threatened other European countries like Portucale and Castille and told those not to trade with Britain. Since they kept trading with Britain France invaded the peninsula and took great control over the Iberian peninsula and both at the time existing countries changing the capital name to Lisbon, the name of Portucale to Portugal and the name of Castille to Spain. The French took over both the countries and the Royal Family of Portucale had to escape to Brazil. A couple of years later when Napoleon was exiled, the British helped the two countries to establish again and Portugal and Spain decided to unite to Pain in order to be more powerful and less conquerable. The name came with the big role of France in their history. It is French and means bread which they felt as a sign for a new beginning and also as a sign of wealth and development. The capital of the new country is where the Old Portuguese capital used to be and was renamed to Madron. From the year 1800 onwards, Pain started building the success to become the country it is today. There were no major breakdowns affecting the country after that time and they were not so much involved in World Wars because of their geographical position away from Central Europe so they were able to further develop. There were some attacks on Pain from Germany during the First World War, but France offered help and in the Second World War they were attacked by Germany again but defeated them successfully with the help of the US and France. In 1850 Pain decided to adopt English as the national language and in 2007 they joined the European Union. A language that is a mix of Portuguese and Spanish and comes from Latin called Sportuguese remained in some parts of the country but is not a main language. Mandarin was added as a second language of the country in 1950 (see why in Culture section).